What is an Aphthous Ulcer ? Diagnosis and Treatment

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what is an aphthous ulcer?
aphthous ulcer, painful sores that form in the mouth that look like they are pierced in the middle in the form of red buttons with white edges, are called aphthous ulcers. It appears in sensitive areas such as the tongue, gums, cheeks, palate in the mouth and makes it impossible for a person to eat or drink something. It is one of the most common oral diseases. According to statistics, the incidence in society corresponds to about 20%.
A weakened immune system, vitamin and mineral deficiencies, hormonal factors in adolescence, and celiac disease can cause aphthous ulcers. It is not an infectious disease. Is more common in women. Aphthous wounds, which are surrounded by an inflamed tissue, pass by themselves in a short time. But serious aphthae can take up to 1.5 months to heal.

It is divided into 2 categories according to its size; those smaller than half an inch are called minor aphthous ulcers, and those larger than half an inch are called major aphthous ulcers. Minor ones can pass by themselves in 10 days. Major ones can reduce the quality of life of people. It can come out in your mouth for a reason or for no reason. If you have more than 3 attacks a year, the doctor should be consulted to look at the underlying cause.


What are the Causes of aphthous ulcers?
Although the cause of intraoral wounds is not exactly known, the causes can be listed as follows:

Low immune system and decreased body resistance
Genetic predisposition
Hormonal disorders and changes
Allergic weakness to food
Bad habits such as alcohol and smoking
Behcet's disease, Celiac disease
In the destruction caused by unconscious brushing of teeth
In psychological disorders such as stress, depression and anxiety
In the absence of vitamins C and D
After excessive consumption of acidic fruits and spices
From the side effects of certain drugs
Cheek and tongue biting habits
Deficiency of iron, folic acid and vitamin B12

What are the Symptoms of aphthous ulcer?
Severe pain and sores on the tongue and back of the mouth and soft palate,
Tingling and tingling sensation before the wound,
Round-shaped wounds of white, gray and yellow color, the edges of which are colored red,
Pain in the mouth that is felt when talking and increases even more,
Wounds that can spread to the outside of the mouth,
In advanced cases of aft, swollen lymph nodes, fever, fatigue, and physical weakness are also likely to occur.

Methods of Treatment
how does aphthous ulcer Pass?
aphthous ulcer usually heals on its own for 7 to 10 days, even if no treatment is applied. The main goal of the treatment plan drawn up together with the doctor is to keep the pain under control, speed up recovery and prevent relapses.

according to the degree of aphthous ulcer, anesthetic, antiseptic, anti-inflammatory topical treatments are recommended by physicians. If the desired response is not obtained as a result of topical treatments, or in case of persistent major ulcers, systemic treatments in the form of tablets or injections may be included in the plan.

after starting treatment for aphthous ulcers, a decrease in pain is observed within a few days, and then a noticeable reduction in the size of the wound is also observed.
If you want to reduce pain in natural ways, you can also resort to other methods;

Staying away from hot, acidic, irritating foods for a while.
A cream prepared from a mixture of water and baking soda can be applied to the aphthae.
Gargling can be done 3 times a day with a mixture with the addition of half a teaspoon of salt to half a glass of water.
Add a spoonful of sumac to a glass of warm water and mix. Rinse your mouth with this mixture. Sumac reduces infection in the wound, while also removing viruses from the inside of the mouth.
Misvak is one of the natural methods of cleaning teeth and gums. It is also known that civet is good for wounds that occur on the gums.
What Are the Best Remedies for aphthous ulcers?
Gargling wounds with salt or carbonated water can help relieve your pain.

if you say how to take precautions so that aphthous ulcers do not form;
Be careful not to consume acidic, spicy, too hot foods.
By consuming plenty of fruits and vegetables and eating a healthy and balanced diet, you can keep your immunity strong and protect yourself as much as possible from mouth sores.
if you have a predisposition to aphthous ulcers, stay away from hard-shelled and irritating foods.
Make sure to brush your teeth regularly after each meal and use dental floss.
If you have dentures, braces, dental problems that can lead to chronic trauma to the mouth, fix them.
Say goodbye to smoking.