PCOD / PCOS - Causes Symptoms Diagnosis & Treatment | Dr Aarti Rapol , Sahyadri Hospital

In India, 1 out of every 4 women is diagnosed with PCOS (Poly Cystic Ovarian Syndrome) and many more keep suffering without any diagnosis or knowledge. The syndrome has now become one of the leading causes of menstrual health and infertility challenges for women across the globe. Today Dr Aarti Rapol (Infertility and IVF Consultant) is going to explain us about PCOD / PCOS - Causes Symptoms, Diagnosis & Treatment. Let's learn more about this condition

PCOS (Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome)
The name itself explains what this condition is exactly about. Let us understand this word by word
Poly - Multiple
Cyst - Small tiny fluid-filled sacs
Syndrome - Combination of symptoms
This disorder is characterized by multiple tiny sacs in the ovary.

PCOS Symptoms
Women with PCOS have symptoms such as
- Irregular periods
- Some of the women present scanty/heavy flow
- Frequent cycles
- Acne on the skin
-Excessive hair growth - Hirsutism
- Hyperinsulinism
- Overweight

Not necessarily women having acne on the skin and overweight will have PCOS. The doctors need to diagnose this condition with particular tests.

PCOS Diagnosis
- Blood Tests, which include LH, FSH, Prolactin, TSH
- Androgen Test which includes serum testosterone and DHES
- Glucose Test called as Oral Glucose challenge test and the Insulin
- Pelvic Ultrasound

According to Rotterdam criteria, there have to be 2 or more symptoms to conclude that the lady is suffering from PCOS. 1st is Irregular period, 2nd is tested suggesting the presence of the male hormone in the body, 3rd is Sonographic appearance that shows tiny fluid-filled sacs.

What are the causes of Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome ?
- Genetic
- Environmental -Lack of exercise, overweight, sedentary lifestyle etc

What happens to women having PCOS?
There are two hormonal disturbances which are seen in women suffering from PCOS. In a normal ovary, a single egg grows and ruptures at the time of mid-cycle which causes ovulation. In PCOS these tiny air follicles are not able to grow causing anovulation. Therefore there is a rise in estrogen levels and a lack of progesterone leads to irregular periods.
Hyperinsulinemia - Insulin is a very important hormone to digest glucose. In PCOS there is insulin resistance.

Treatment for PCOS
We need to understand that we need to keep our hormones under control. The treatment consists of :
1. Lifestyle Modifications: Intake of Low Carb Diet, Regular exercises, Weight reduction
2. Women who are planning for pregnancy or want to conceive have to undergo ovulation induction.

PCOS/PCOD is a quite common condition nowadays and the patient herself with proper lifestyle modification can control this situation. She can avert the risk of Type 2 diabetes, High BP etc. Therefore if you have doubts that you might have PCOS, consult a gynaecologist, and accordingly follow the treatment given by your doctor.

Watch the complete video to know more about this topic in detail.
And still, if you have any other query then do write to us: [email protected]
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About Sahyadri Hospitals Ltd.:

Sahyadri Hospitals is the largest chain of hospitals in Maharashtra. It is the brainchild of Dr Charudutt Apte, one of India’s most renowned Neurosurgeons and more importantly an ardent practitioner of ethical medical practices.

The Sahyadri group has 8 Hospitals with more than 900 beds and 200 ICU beds. Currently, we have more than 2000 clinicians along with 2600 supporting staff. Sahyadri Hospitals has touched the lives of more than 50 lakh people by providing quality care.

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