Ovarian Cysts | Types, Causes and Symptoms (Urdu/Hindi)

Ovarian cysts are solid or fluid-filled pockets in or on your ovaries. These cysts are very common and usually do not cause any symptoms. Ovarian cysts usually go away on their own without any treatment.
But sometimes ovarian cysts don’t go away and get bigger. These types of cysts can rupture and become painful. There is also a possibility that a cyst becomes Cancerous.
Based on its nature there are 2 main types of ovarian cysts
i.e. Functional ovarian cysts and Pathological ovarian cysts
Functional ovarian cysts are the most common type of cysts that develops as a part of the menstrual cycle. These types of cysts are usually harmless and short-lived.
Pathological ovarian cysts are less common but harmful. These types of cysts form as a result of abnormal cell growth.
Pathological ovarian cysts can be of various kinds like Cystadenomas, endometriosis, and PCOS.
So let's take a closer look at each.
Cystadenomas
Cystadenomas are ovarian cysts that develop from cells that cover the outer part of the ovary. Some cystadenomas are filled with a thick, mucus-like substance, while others contain a watery liquid.
Cystadenomas can grow quite large and rupture. Hence they need to be removed surgically.
Endometriomas
Endometriosis is a condition in which endometrial tissue that lines the inside of your uterus is found outside the uterus onto the ovaries.
Endometriomas cysts usually fill with blood, which can rupture and cause problems.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS)
If you have PCOS, you will develop a large number of small benign ovarian cysts. These cysts form as a result of an ovulation problem caused by hormonal imbalance.
Endometriosis and PCOS can cause infertility in females.
Causes of Ovarian Cysts
The exact cause of ovarian cyst is still unknown, but factors that increase your risk of developing ovarian cysts include hormone changes, pregnancy, endometriosis, and a severe pelvic infection that spreads to your ovaries.
Symptoms
Most ovarian cysts are small and don't cause symptoms.
If a cyst does cause symptoms, you may have pressure, bloating, swelling, or pain in the lower abdomen on the side of the cyst. This pain may be sharp or dull and may come and go.
But If a cyst ruptures, it can cause sudden, severe pain.
Treatment
The size, appearance, and symptoms of an ovarian cyst will determine whether it needs to be treated.
If your cyst requires surgery, your doctor will either remove just the cyst or the entire ovary.
Surgery can be done in two different ways:
For smaller cysts, Laparoscopy is performed. The doctor makes a tiny cut above or below your belly button. A small tool with a camera allows your doctor to see inside, and a different tool removes the cyst or ovary.
However, if the cyst is large and cancerous, a laparotomy is performed. It is accomplished by making a larger cut in the belly.
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