Osteoporosis Symptoms | Osteoporosis Treatment | Osteoporosis Medications

Welcome to @PhysioMedics. In this video tutorial, we are going to discuss osteoporosis medications.

What is osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is a long-term (chronic) disease which makes your bones less dense and more fragile. If you have osteoporosis, you are more likely to fracture or break a bone if you have a mild injury or minor fall. Osteoporosis can be managed with medicines to strengthen your bones, and through lifestyle changes such as how you exercise and stopping smoking.

What are the symptoms of osteoporosis?
The most common symptom of osteoporosis is breaking or fracturing a bone because of a mild injury, such as falling over. Other symptoms include:

gradual height loss
back pain
tiny cracks in your bones, known as stress fractures, that can feel like joint or muscle pain
What causes osteoporosis?
Osteoporosis is caused by a decrease in bone density, which makes your bones more fragile and easily broken. Everyone’s bones become weaker as they age, but in some people this process happens too quickly. You are more likely to develop osteoporosis if you have risk factors for the disease. Some of the risk factors can be reduced through lifestyle changes or medications but others, such as your age, cannot be changed.

Risk factors that cannot be changed include:

being over 70 years of age
being female
having fallen in the past
your parents having had hip fractures
early menopause
Risk factors that can be reduced include:

not being physically active
low muscle mass and strength
low body weight (BMI below 20kg/m2)
smoking
high alcohol intake
not eating enough energy-rich foods or proteins.
If you suffer from certain diseases, you are more likely to develop osteoporosis. These include:

hypogonadism or early menopause
diseases that cause bone loss, such as rheumatoid arthritis
hyperthyroidism or hyperparathyroidism
chronic liver or kidney disease
coeliac disease and inflammatory bowel disease
cushing's syndrome

How is osteoporosis diagnosed?
Osteoporosis is diagnosed based on your medical history, a physical examination by your doctor, and a bone mineral density test. The bone density test uses a special x-ray to look for signs that your bones are becoming weaker, and assigns you a “T-score” based on the results. If your T-score is -2.5 or less, your doctor will diagnose you with osteoporosis. The higher your T-score, the healthier your bones are.

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